Quick guide to Iodine
Read the full guide
Essential For
Normal metabolism, growth and development as it is a component of thyroid hormones
Absorption and metabolism
Iodine is efficiently absorbed and excess is excreted in the urine.
Deficiency
Iodine deficiency leads to hypothyroidism, goiter and cretinism; and may play a role in fibrocystic breast disease.
Sources
Good sources include vegetables grown in iodine-rich soil, iodised salt, seafood and milk. The iodine content of food varies with the location in which the food is grown. The table on page 246 can be used as a guide.
Daily recommended dietary intakes
- Men - 150 mcg
- Women - 150 mcg
- Pregnant women - 175 mcg
- Lactating women - 200 mcg
Toxic effects of excess intake
Toxic effects of iodine include a reduction in thyroid hormone secretion, acne, and inflammation of the salivary glands.
Therapeutic uses of supplements
Iodine supplements are used to treat deficiency disorders and have also been used to treat fibrocystic breast disease. Topical iodine is used as an antiseptic.
Cautions
Potassium iodide supplements should be used with caution in pregnancy and in cases of dehydration, acne, heat cramps, adrenal insufficiency, and cardiac disease.